{"id":8776,"date":"2020-09-02T08:26:00","date_gmt":"2020-09-02T00:26:00","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/m.letratesoro.com\/?p=8776"},"modified":"2023-12-31T22:06:37","modified_gmt":"2023-12-31T14:06:37","slug":"corrosion-06","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/m.letratesoro.com\/2020\/09\/corrosion-06\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e03\u500b\u9020\u6210\u92fc\u9435\u8150\u8755\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u8207\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u8ac7\u91d1\u5c6c\u8150\u8755(6)"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/font><\/p>\n

\uff08\u6587\u7ae0\u53d6\u6750\u81ea\u7db2\u8def\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4f5a\u5931\uff0c\u4f46\u5167\u5bb9\u7d93\u904e\u5de5\u4f5c\u718a\u6574\u7406\u6f64\u98fe\uff09<\/em><\/font><\/p>\n

\u5728\u91d1\u5c6c\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\uff0c\u92fc\u9435\u7684\u8150\u8755\u7121\u7591\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u73fe\u4eca\u5de5\u696d\u4e2d\u92fc\u9435\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7bc4\u570d\u6700\u5ee3\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u4e5f\u6700\u5927\u3001\u8209\u51e1\u6a4b\u6881\u3001\u6a5f\u68b0\u3001\u5927\u6a13\u5efa\u7bc9\u3001\u7d50\u69cb\u7269\u6216\u8a31\u591a\u516c\u5171\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u5efa\u8a2d\uff0c\u7121\u4e0d\u8207\u92fc\u9435\u6750\u6599\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9023\u8a31\u591a\u7684\u50a2\u4ff1\u53ca\u96fb\u5b50\u7522\u54c1\u4e5f\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u92fc\u9435\u6750\u6599\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\uff0c\u92fc\u9435\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8150\u8755\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4e5f\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u5316\u5b78\u53ca\u96fb\u5316\u5b78\u56e0\u7d20\u6240\u5f15\u8d77\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5f62\u5f0f\u591a\u5143\u5305\u542b\u7bc4\u570d\u5f88\u5ee3\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6709\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u6c27\u5316\u8150\u8755\u3001\u5747\u52fb\u8150\u8755\u3001\u8cc8\u51e1\u5c3c\u8150\u8755\u3001\u7a7f\u5b54\u8150\u8755\u3001\u9593\u9699\u8150\u8755\u3001\u61c9\u529b\u8150\u8755\u3001\u5ef6\u6676\u8150\u8755\u3001\u6d78\u8755\u8150\u8755\u3001\u7a7a\u6d1e\u8150\u8755\u548c\u6469\u64e6\u8150\u8755\u7b49\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u4f86\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e00\u4e0b\u9019\u4e9b\u8150\u8755\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u8207\u539f\u56e0\uff1a<\/font><\/p>\n

1. \u76f4\u63a5\u6c27\u5316\u8150\u8755<\/em><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

\u5728\u9ad8\u6eab\u6216\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6c34\u4efd\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u9435\u7684\u8150\u8755\u578b\u614b\u5c07\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc\u5e38\u6eab\u4e0b\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u800c\u6703\u76f4\u63a5\u8207\u6c27\u7d50\u5408\u8d77\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u5176\u53cd\u61c9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/font><\/p>\n

\n

4Fe + 3O2<\/sub> \u2192 2Fe2<\/sub>O3<\/sub>\uff0c\u6c27\u5316\u9435<\/font><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u7531\u65bc\u6c27\u5316\u9435\u4e26\u4e0d\u5920\u7d30\u7dfb\u4ee5\u9694\u7d55\u7a7a\u6c23\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6c27\u6c23\u4ecd\u53ef\u7e7c\u7e8c\u6ef2\u5165\uff0c\u4e26\u5f62\u6210\u6c27\u5316\u4e9e\u9435(FeO)\u548c (Fe3<\/sub>O4<\/sub>)\u7b49\u6c27\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u5728\u92fc\u7684\u71b1\u8ecb\u6216\u662f\u71b1\u8655\u7406\u6642\u7d93\u5e38\u6703\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u88ab\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u9c57\u76ae\u300d\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\"\u92fc\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u9c57\u76ae\"<\/font><\/p>\n

2. \u5747\u52fb\u8150\u8755(Uniform attack corrosion)<\/em><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

\"\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u4e0b\u9727\u72c0\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u93b3\"<\/font>\u7576\u4e00\u7a2e\u91d1\u5c6c\u88ab\u653e\u7f6e\u65bc\u96fb\u4ecb\u8cea(\u6216\u96fb\u89e3\u8cea)\u4e2d\uff0c\u91d1\u5c6c\u7684\u67d0\u90e8\u5206\u5340\u57df\u6703\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u5340\u57df\u66f4\u5177\u300c\u967d\u6975\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9019\u4e9b\u5340\u57df\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u9084\u6703\u4e0d\u6642\u7684\u79fb\u52d5\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u4e5f\u6703\u9031\u800c\u5fa9\u59cb\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u4f7f\u5f97\u8150\u8755\u73fe\u8c61\u5728\u5404\u8655\u5747\u52fb\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u5747\u52fb\u8150\u8755\u300d\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u65e5\u5e38\u7d93\u5e38\u53ef\u898b\u7684\u9435\u751f\u93fd\u5373\u5c6c\u65bc\u300c\u5747\u52fb\u8150\u8755\u300d\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\uff0c\u91d1\u5c6c\u7684\u9ad8\u6eab\u6c27\u5316\u6216\u662f\u93b3\u7684\u6210\u9727\u72c0(fogging)\u4e5f\u90fd\u662f\u8150\u8755\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002 <\/font><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5747\u52fb\u8150\u8755\u7684\u91cf\u6e2c\u8207\u6297\u8150\u8755\u80fd\u529b\u5224\u65b7<\/em><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

\u5747\u52fb\u8150\u8755\u7684\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5e7e\u7a2e\u55ae\u4f4d\u4f86\u8868\u793a\u3002\u570b\u5167\u5916\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6709\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u4fb5\u8755\u7684\u516c\u5398mm\u6578\u3001\u5bc6\u723emil\u6578(mpy, mils penetration per year, 1 mil=1\/1000\u540b=0.0254mm )\u3001\u82f1\u540b\u6578(ipy, inches penetration per year)\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u6642\u7531\u65bc\u4e0d\u6613\u91cf\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u4ee5\u6bcf\u5929\u640d\u5931\u91cd\u91cfmdd (miligrams per square decimeter per day)\u6216\u4ee5\u6bcf\u5e74\u640d\u5931\u91cd\u91cf\u4f86\u63a8\u4f30mpy\u7b49\u5404\u7a2e\u6578\u503c\u3002\u4ee5\u92fc\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u5728\u6d77\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u8150\u8755\u901f\u7387\u7d04\u70ba25mdd\uff0c\u7d04\u75765mpy\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u822c\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u8150\u8755\u7684\u901f\u7387\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5747\u901f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8150\u8755\u7684\u300c\u521d\u59cb\u901f\u7387\u300d\u6703\u8f03\u300c\u6700\u7d42\u901f\u7387\u300d\u4f86\u5f97\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u6e2c\u5b9a\u8150\u8755\u901f\u7387\u6642\uff0c\u8981\u8a18\u9304\u6574\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5916\u63d2\u6cd5\u63a8\u4f30\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u7522\u751f\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

\u800c\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6297\u8150\u8755\u80fd\u529b\u5247\u53ef\u4ee5\u5982\u4e0b\u4f86\u5224\u65b7\uff1a<\/font><\/p>\n

    \n
  • \n
    \u6750\u6599\u7684\u8150\u8755\u901f\u7387\u5982\u679c\u57281mpy\u4ee5\u4e0b\u70ba\u5247\u5224\u5b9a\u70ba\u300c\u6297\u8150\u8755\u5f37(outstanding)\u300d\uff0c<\/font><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u572850mpy\u4ee5\u4e0a\u70ba\u300c\u9632\u8755\u6027\u8f49\u52a3(poor)\u300d\uff0c<\/font><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u5728200mpy\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5247\u300c\u7121\u6cd5\u63a5\u53d7(unacceptable)\u300d\u3002<\/font><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    <\/font><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

    <\/p>\n

    3. \u8cc8\u51e1\u5c3c\u8150\u8755(Galvanic corrosion)<\/strong><\/em><\/font><\/p>\n

    \u7576\u8150\u8755\u767c\u751f\u65bc\u5169\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u91d1\u5c6c\u63a5\u89f8\u8655\u6216\u662f\u5408\u91d1\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u80fd\u7522\u751f\u8cc8\u51e1\u5c3c\u96fb\u6c60(Galvanic cell)\u6548\u61c9\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u91d1\u5c6c\u6750\u6599\u5728\u6d77\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u8cc8\u51e1\u5c3c\u96fb\u4f4d\u5e8f\u4f86\u5224\u65b7\u5176\u53ef\u80fd\u8150\u8755\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

    <\/font><\/p>\n

    \u6bd4\u8f03\u5bb9\u6613\u6210\u70ba\u967d\u6975\u7684\u91d1\u5c6c\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u8150\u8755\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u6d77\u6d0b\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u710a\u932b(\u925b\u932b\u5408\u91d1)\u92b2\u63a5\u9ec3\u9285\u914d\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9ec3\u9285\u7684\u96fb\u4f4d\u5e8f\u8f03\u5177\u9670\u6975\u6027\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u710a\u932b\u5c31\u8f03\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u8150\u8755\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

    \u518d\u5f9e\u5408\u91d1\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u4f86\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u96fb\u6c60\u6548\u61c9\u767c\u751f\u5728\u5169\u76f8\u5408\u91d1\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u92fc\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u80a5\u7c92\u9435\u548c\u96ea\u660e\u78b3\u9435\u76f8\uff0c\u5247\u56e0\u70ba\u80a5\u7c92\u9435\u76f8\u8f03\u967d\u6975\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u96ea\u660e\u78b3\u9435\u76f8\u5247\u8f03\u9670\u6975\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u7522\u751f\u96fb\u5316\u5b78\u8150\u8755\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5169\u76f8\u5408\u91d1\u5176\u8150\u8755\u62b5\u6297\u529b\u90fd\u8f03\u55ae\u76f8\u91d1\u5c6c\u70ba\u5dee\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

    4. \u7a7f\u5b54\u8150\u8755(Pitting corrosion)<\/em><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

    \u91d1\u5c6c\u5143\u4ef6\u8655\u65bc\u8150\u8755\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u4f7f\u542b\u6c27\u91cf\u6709\u6fc3\u6de1\u4e4b\u5206\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u542b\u6c27\u6fc3\u5ea6\u9ad8\u4e4b\u8655\u6703\u6210\u70ba\u9670\u6975\uff0c\u800c\u542b\u6c27\u6fc3\u5ea6\u4f4e\u4e4b\u8655\u5247\u6703\u6210\u70ba\u967d\u6975\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u767c\u751f\u8150\u8755\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u96fb\u6c60\u6548\u61c9\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u6c27\u6fc3\u5dee\u96fb\u6c60(oxygen concentration cell)\u300d\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

    \u7a7f\u5b54\u8150\u8755\u5c6c\u65bc\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c40\u90e8\u8150\u8755\uff0c\u5b83\u767c\u751f\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u542b\u6c27\u6fc3\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5747\u6216\u662f\u6750\u8cea\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u89c0\u5bdf\u91d1\u5c6c\u7f6e\u65bc\u5145\u6c23\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u5b54\u8755\u6210\u9577\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u767c\u751f\u9996\u5148\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u5b54\u6d1e\u7684\u5e95\u90e8\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u88dc\u5145\u5230\u6c27\uff0c\u7f3a\u6c27\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u4f7f\u5f97\u91d1\u5c6c\u767c\u751f\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u61c9 M\u2192M+<\/sup>+e–<\/sup>\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5b54\u6d1e\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u5468\u570d\u5247\u6709\u8f03\u9ad8\u6fc3\u5ea6\u7684\u6c27\uff0c\u800c\u767c\u751f\u9084\u539f\u53cd\u61c9 O2<\/sub>+2H2<\/sub>O+4e–<\/sup>\u21924OH–<\/sup>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b54\u6d1e\u7684\u56db\u5468\u53d7\u5230\u9670\u6975\u4fdd\u8b77\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6703\u88ab\u8150\u8755\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u73fe\u8c61\u5982\u679c\u767c\u751f\u5728\u9178\u6027\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d(\u4f8b\u5982HCl)\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u6240\u542b\u7684Cl–<\/sup>\u96e2\u5b50\u4fbf\u6703\u5411\u5b54\u6d1e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b54\u6d1e\u4e2d\u7684H+<\/sup>\u96e2\u5b50\u6fc3\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u967d\u6975\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u901f\u7387\uff1a<\/font><\/p>\n

    <\/font> <\/p>\n

    M+<\/sup>Cl–<\/sup> + H2<\/sub>O \u2192 MOH + H+<\/sup>Cl–<\/sup><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

    \u7d50\u679c\u6574\u500b\u7a7f\u5b54\u8150\u8755\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u5c31\u8b8a\u6210\u70ba\u81ea\u52d5\u50ac\u5316\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u6574\u500b\u8150\u8755\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

    \u7a7f\u5b54\u8150\u8755\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u6975\u7aef\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7279\u5225\u9577\u800c\u72f9\u7a84\u7684\u8150\u8755\u7a7a\u6d1e\u4e4b\u5c16\u7aef\u6703\u5f15\u8d77\u61c9\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5805\u56fa\u7684\u5408\u91d1\u8b8a\u5f97\u6613\u8106\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u6703\u5f62\u6210\u91d1\u5c6c\u920d\u5316\u4fdd\u8b77\u8584\u819c\u7684\u5408\u91d1\uff0c\u5728\u6c27\u6fc3\u5ea6\u8f03\u4f4e\u6216\u662f\u80fd\u5920\u5f62\u6210\u9670\u96e2\u5b50\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u6fc3\u5ea6\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5176\u8868\u9762\u4ecd\u7136\u88ab\u920d\u5316\u8584\u819c\u8986\u84cb\uff0c\u4f46\u4fdd\u8b77\u819c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u70ba\u67d0\u4e9b\u539f\u56e0\u9020\u6210\u4e0d\u5747\u52fb\u3001\u8f03\u8584\u6216\u6709\u5c0f\u6d1e\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u8150\u8755\u5c31\u6703\u5f9e\u9019\u4e9b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u8d77\u521d\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8089\u773c\u770b\u4e0d\u898b\u7684\u5c0f\u7834\u6d1e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5c0f\u6d1e\u4e0b\u9762\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7d93\u96b1\u85cf\u4e86\u62c7\u6307\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u8150\u8755\u5b54\u6d1e\uff0c\u9019\u985e\u8150\u8755\u5728\u7d50\u69cb\u51fa\u73fe\u554f\u984c\u524d\u5927\u591a\u96e3\u4ee5\u88ab\u63a2\u6e2c\u5230\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u662f\u6700\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5728\u80fd\u5920\u5f62\u6210\u920d\u5316\u4fdd\u8b77\u819c\u7684\u5408\u91d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u8150\u8755\u5b54\u6d1e\u53cd\u800c\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u3001\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u6709\u5371\u5bb3\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u8150\u8755\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

    5. \u9593\u9699\u8150\u8755(Crevice corrosion)<\/em><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

    \u300c\u9593\u9699\u8150\u8755\u300d\u7279\u5225\u5bb9\u6613\u767c\u751f\u5728\u6a5f\u68b0\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u63a5\u5408\u8655\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u91d1\u5c6c\u588a\u5708\u6216\u662f\u925a\u63a5\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u5b83\u4e5f\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u4e00\u7a2e\u96fb\u6c60\u6548\u61c9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9699\u7e2b\u4e00\u822c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u624d\u6703\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6709\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u5bec\u5ea6\u53ef\u8b93\u6eb6\u6db2\u9032\u5165\uff0c\u53c8\u8db3\u5920\u7a84\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u6eb6\u6db2\u6eef\u7559\u7b49\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u61c9\u7528\u4e0a\u6216\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0a\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u5c0f\u5fc3\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u767c\u751f\u8db3\u4ee5\u7522\u751f\u9593\u9699\u8150\u8755\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u3002<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

    \u9593\u9699\u8150\u8755\u7684\u6a5f\u69cb\u5f88\u985e\u4f3c\u7a7f\u5b54\u8150\u8755\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u662f\u5747\u52fb\u8150\u8755\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u56e0\u70ba\u6c27\u6fc3\u6de1\u96fb\u6c60\u5f15\u8d77\u967d\u6975\u53cd\u61c9(\u7f3a\u6c27\u5340)\u548c\u9670\u6975\u53cd\u61c9(\u5bcc\u6c27\u5340)\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u9593\u9699\u5167\u7684\u6c27\u7121\u6cd5\u88dc\u5145\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u967d\u6975\u53cd\u61c9\u6703\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u8150\u8755\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

    <\/font><\/p>\n

    \u5728\u4e0d\u92b9\u92fc\u767c\u751f\u9593\u9699\u8150\u8755\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u6c2f\u96e2\u5b50Cl–<\/sup>\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728NaCl\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u92b9\u92fc\u7684\u9593\u9699\u8150\u8755\uff0c\u662f\u5148\u7531\u65bc\u6c27\u6fc3\u6de1\u96fb\u6c60\u6240\u7522\u751f\uff0c\u967d\u6975\u53cd\u61c9\u5728\u6b64\u6642\u751f\u6210\u6b63\u96e2\u5b50M+<\/sup>\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

    <\/font> <\/p>\n

    M \u2192 M+<\/sup> + e–<\/sup><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

    \u63a5\u8457\u56e0\u70ba\u7f3a\u6c27\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u967d\u6975\u53cd\u61c9\u6301\u7e8c\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u9ad8\u6fc3\u5ea6\u7684M+<\/sup>\uff0c\u4e26\u8207NaCl\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684Cl–<\/sup>\uff0c\u5f62\u6210M+<\/sup>Cl–<\/sup>\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

    6. \u61c9\u529b\u8150\u8755(Stress corrosion)<\/em><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

    \u61c9\u529b\u8150\u8755\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u61c9\u529b\u8207\u8150\u8755\u4e92\u76f8\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u6750\u6599\u53d7\u5230\u5c40\u90e8\u61c9\u529b\u6216\u61c9\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0d\u5e73\u5747\u6642\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u9ad8\u61c9\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5340\u57df\u6703\u5f62\u6210\u967d\u6975\uff0c\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u8f03\u4f4e\u61c9\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5340\u57df\u5247\u5f62\u6210\u9670\u6975\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f5c\u7528\u61c9\u529b\u6703\u4f7f\u5f97\u8150\u8755\u4f5c\u7528\u66f4\u70ba\u52a0\u901f\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u61c9\u529b\u96fb\u6c60(stress cells)\u300d\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

    \u61c9\u529b\u8150\u8755\u767c\u751f\u5728\u51b7\u52a0\u5de5\u7684\u6750\u6599\u6642\uff0c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u51b7\u52a0\u5de5\u7684\u5340\u57df\u6703\u8f03\u4f4e\u5ea6\u51b7\u52a0\u5de5\u5340\u57df\u66f4\u5177\u967d\u6975\u6027\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u6750\u6599\u5b58\u5728\u88c2\u7e2b\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u9020\u6210\u61c9\u529b\u8150\u8755\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6750\u6599\u5728\u88fd\u9020\u52a0\u5de5\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u85c9\u7531\u71b1\u8655\u7406\u4f86\u964d\u4f4e\u5176\u61c9\u529b\u907f\u514d\u8150\u8755\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u9078\u7528\u6297\u61c9\u529b\u8150\u8755\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u6d77\u6c34\u74b0\u5883\u53ef\u4ee5\u9226\u5408\u91d1\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e0d\u92b9\u92fc\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c7d\u8eca\u677f\u91d1\u7d93\u904e\u6572\u64ca\u4fee\u6574\u5f8c\u6703\u767c\u751f\u61c9\u529b\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u51b7\u52a0\u5de5\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u8f03\u5bb9\u6613\u767c\u751f\u8150\u8755\uff0c\u6b64\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u85c9\u7531\u964d\u4f4e\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u6216\u78ba\u5be6\u9000\u706b\u4f86\u9632\u7bc4\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

    7. \u5ef6\u6676\u8150\u8755\/\u6676\u7c92\u9593\u8150\u8755(Intergranular corrosion)<\/em><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

    <\/em><\/strong><\/font> <\/p>\n

    \u5ef6\u6676\u8150\u8755\u53c8\u7a31\u6676\u7c92\u9593\u8150\u8755\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u5728\u91d1\u5c6c\u6676\u754c\u8655\u767c\u751f\u5c40\u90e8\u8150\u8755\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u5c31\u96fb\u5316\u5b78\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u6750\u6599\u6676\u7c92\u70ba\u9670\u6975\uff0c\u800c\u6676\u754c\u4e00\u822c\u70ba\u967d\u6975\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5747\u52fb\u8150\u8755\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u6676\u754c\u8655\u7684\u8150\u8755\u6027\u4ecd\u7136\u6703\u7a0d\u5927\u65bc\u6676\u7c92\u8655\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u7279\u6b8a\u6e05\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6676\u754c\u6297\u8755\u5143\u7d20\u53c8\u76f8\u5c0d\u6e1b\u5c11\uff0c\u5ef6\u6676\u8150\u8755\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u5c31\u6703\u767c\u751f\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

    <\/font><\/p>\n

    \u6700\u986f\u8457\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u83ab\u904e\u65bc304\u4e0d\u92b9\u92fc\u5728\u92b2\u63a5\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5e38\u6703\u767c\u751f\u927b\u6790\u51fa\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u4e0d\u92b9\u92fc\u5982\u679c\u52a0\u71b1\u6216\u51b7\u537b\u5230450\u00b0C~900\u00b0C\u4e4b\u9593(\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u654f\u611f\u5316\u6eab\u5ea6)\uff0c\u5728\u6676\u754c\u5c31\u5bb9\u6613\u6790\u51fa\u78b3\u5316\u927b(Cr23<\/sub>C6<\/sub>)\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8a72\u5340\u57df\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u927b\u542b\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u767c\u751f\u300c\u8ca7\u927b\u5340\u300d\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u300c\u927b\u300d\u662f\u4e0d\u92b9\u92fc\u9632\u8755\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u6676\u7c92\u8207\u6676\u754c\u7684\u96fb\u6c60\u6548\u61c9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u5167\u5c31\u767c\u751f\u5ef6\u6676(\u6676\u9593)\u8150\u8755\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n


    \n

    \u5ef6\u4f38\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a
    <\/font>\u4f55\u8b02\u300c\u9285\u300d\u57fa\u5730\u8207\u300c\u93b3\u300d\u57fa\u5730\u96fb\u8def\u677f(PCB)\uff1f<\/font><\/a>
    \u96fb\u5b50\u5de5\u696d\u4e2d\u96f6\u4ef6\u6216\u96fb\u8def\u677f\u934d\u93b3(Ni)\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4f55\u5728\uff1f<\/font><\/a>
    \u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u7d05\u9285\u3001\u7d14\u9285\u3001\u9752\u9285\u3001\u9ec3\u9285\u3001\u767d\u9285\u3001\u751f\u9285\u3001\u719f\u9285\uff1f<\/font><\/a><\/p>\n

    \u91d1\u5c6c\u8150\u8755\u76f8\u95dc\u6587\u7ae0\uff1a
    <\/font>
    \u539f\u4f86\u8150\u8755\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u53ea\u662f\u4eba\u5bb6\u5143\u7d20\u60f3\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u672a\u4f86\uff0c\u8ac7\u91d1\u5c6c\u8150\u8755(1)<\/font><\/a>
    \u5316\u5b78\u8150\u8755\u662f\u91d1\u5c6c\u767c\u751f\u8150\u8755\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u8ac7\u91d1\u5c6c\u8150\u8755(2)<\/font><\/a>
    \u96fb\u5316\u5b78\u8150\u8755\u5176\u5be6\u6bd4\u5316\u5b78\u8150\u8755\u5f71\u97ff\u9084\u56b4\u91cd\uff0c\u8ac7\u91d1\u5c6c\u8150\u8755(3)<\/font><\/a>
    \u7528\u8cc8\u51e1\u5c3c\u6b21\u5e8f(Galvanic Series)\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a\u91d1\u5c6c\u7684\u9670\u6975\u8207\u967d\u6975\uff0c\u8ac7\u91d1\u5c6c\u8150\u8755(4)<\/font><\/a>
    \u4e03\u7a2e\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u91d1\u5c6c\u8150\u8755\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u8ac7\u91d1\u5c6c\u8150\u8755(5)<\/font><\/a>
    \u4ecb\u7d394\u7a2e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u9632\u6b62\u91d1\u5c6c\u8150\u8755\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ac7\u91d1\u5c6c\u8150\u8755(7)<\/font><\/a><\/p>\n

    <\/font><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \uff08\u6587\u7ae0\u53d6\u6750\u81ea\u7db2\u8def\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4f5a\u5931\uff0c\u4f46\u5167\u5bb9\u7d93\u904e\u5de5\u4f5c\u718a\u6574\u7406 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[192],"tags":[182,152,144],"aioseo_notices":[],"views":10186,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"\/\/m.letratesoro.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8776"}],"collection":[{"href":"\/\/m.letratesoro.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"\/\/m.letratesoro.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/m.letratesoro.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/m.letratesoro.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8776"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"\/\/m.letratesoro.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8776\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9293,"href":"\/\/m.letratesoro.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8776\/revisions\/9293"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"\/\/m.letratesoro.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8776"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/m.letratesoro.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8776"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/m.letratesoro.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8776"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}